I recently attended a meeting during which participants were asked to develop a theory of change (TOC) for deploying agricultural innovation systems thinking into projects targeting enhanced use of technologies from research. My own understanding of TOC approaches to critical thinking is very rudimentary. I found that members of the Group that I worked with had such diverse understanding of what TOC was that my understanding was not enhanced … indeed I became more confused. In trying to overcome this confusion, I found this resource that members of the AFAAS network who want to improve their understanding of TOC might also find interesting: https://usaidlearninglab.org/library/theories-change